Chief Old Dog

Revered chief, and judge of the Three Affiliated Tribes

      A revered chief and father of Martin Cross, Old Dog, photographed in 1909 by Edward Curtis, was born in 'the old world' and died, in 1926, in an era of modernization that his own parent's could not have imagined.  He never spoke a word of English, and when citizenship was offered him in 1922, he declined, saying that he had never needed the white man's blessing to make him a free man.  Coincidentally, he was born in 1851, the same year Four Bears travelled to Fort Laramie to negotiate the treaty that is still in effect today.